What is limit state of serviceability ?

A structure should be serviceable and its important that it should serve the intended function throughout its life. When we follow the limit state of serviceability as per Indian Standards

Aggregates Abrasion test – Los Angeles test

Testing of aggregates with respect to its resistance to wear is an important test for aggregates. Abrasion Test is the measure of aggregate toughness and abrasion resistance such as crushing,

Reinforcement – Is it needed in concrete ?

As I have already mentioned concrete is good in compression and is bad in tension. So it is very much required there should be something which will resist the tensile

Permeability of soil and it’s measurement

The permeability of soil is soil property which describes quantitatively, the ease with which water flows through that soil. Soil consists of discrete particle. The void spaces between the particles